Produce an engineering survey of the university car park, together with associated calculations using linear surveying, levelling techniques and angular measurements.
Answer:
Importance of Surveying to Civil Engineers
The planning and design of all Civil Engineering projects such as construction of highways, bridges, tunnels, dams etc are based upon surveying measurements. Moreover, during execution, project of any magnitude is constructed along the lines and points established by surveying.
Thus, surveying is a basic requirement for all Civil Engineering projects.
Other principal works in which surveying is primarily utilized are:
to fix the national and state boundaries;
to chart coastlines, navigable streams and lakes;
to establish control points;
to execute hydrographic and oceanographic charting and mapping
to prepare topographic map of land surface of the earth
OBJECTIVES OF SURVEYING
To collect field data;
To prepare plan or map of the area surveyed.
To analyze and to calculate the field parameters for setting out operation of actual engineering works.
To set out field parameters at the site for further engineering works.
AIM OF THE PROJECT
To Understand the principles of site surveying
Be able to use site surveying instruments
Understanding cartographic detailing of construction works
Understand the Software for use in surveying
RECONNAISANCE SURVEY
The site visit is the first gear in the design process. A detailed site analysis has to be done so as to understand the features of the site, which will be very important during the design. The purpose of the site analysis is to record and evaluate information on the site and its surroundings, and to use this evaluation in the design response.
Following are the points to be considered while selecting the site.
